【The Story between Robert Swinhoe and Atayal people- Part I 】
【史溫侯和泰雅族的故事 之一】

Robert Swinhoe was an English naturalist who worked as a Consul in Formosa. He started to visit Taiwan in 1856 and discovered many Southeast Asian birds(especially in Taiwan) and several, such as Swinhoe's Pheasant(A specific bird in Taiwan), are named after him. Robert Swinhoe also researched Taiwanese aboriginal people earlier, and visited headhunting tribes, which were difficult for others to visit, such as: Kebalan, Atayal, Paiwan, and Truku, etc.

英國自然學者史溫侯擔任福爾摩沙領事,從1856年開始就開始造訪台灣,並發現不少東南亞的鳥類,許多不少也以他為命名,例如台灣特有鳥類---史溫侯的雉雞。但史溫侯本人也涉獵不少臺灣原住民的研究,不僅起步最早,也更能深入到一般人,難以造訪的獵頭族部落,例如:噶瑪蘭、泰雅、排灣、和太魯閣族等族群。

圖:又被稱為史溫侯的雉雞藍腹鷴。

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圖:台灣生物學分類學專家---史溫侯。

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Information of Atayal people in the plain of Ilan, Taiwan
宜蘭平原的泰雅族見聞

(1) 噶瑪蘭廳重金懸賞泰雅族頭顱:
(1)the Kebalan officials rewarded for the skull of the Atayal:

在利澤簡村子後方有竹製望寮,供守衛夜間監視是否有泰雅族來襲,尤其在村子周遭水田放牛者,必須組隊攜帶長矛防衛,因為泰雅族會來偷牛宰去吃。史溫侯聽牧牛者說,附近有原住民潛伏多日,並有五名漢人遇害。不過當地人也俘虜到一位原住民,抓到噶瑪蘭廳的官府領賞。
Behind the village of Lize Jane had a watchtower made by bamboo, where guards can monitor for the Atayal invaders at night. Cowman will form a team and carry spears to guard the fields around the villages, because the Atayal will come to steal cattle, and then slaughter them to eat. Robert Swinhoe heard from a cowman said that some Aboriginal people lurked near the village several days, and five Han people were killed. But, locals captured an aborigine, and sent him to the Kavalan official for the reward.

當地官員對每顆原住民的頭顱曾懸賞到12兩銀(約4英鎊),不過後來調降到四兩銀。史溫侯曾向當地漢人表示願意購買一顆原住民的頭顱當人類學標本,漢人的回應是只要價錢可以,他們願意抓一個來聽憑史溫侯處置。此外那些漢人也主動兜售原住民少女,出價一位50兩銀(11.5英鎊)。泰雅族少女的價格既然是男子頭顱官定價格的3到9倍,顯示當時的漢人移民男女比例,女性應該偏低,形成原住民婦女在人肉市場上奇貨可居的情況。

Local officials rewarded every aboriginal skull for 12 dollars (about 4 pounds), but later decreased the price into 4 dollars. Robert Swinhoe asked local Han people that he wanted to buy an aboriginal skull for anthropological specimens, and Han's response was they are willing to capture an alive Atayal male for good prices, and let him at his disposal. 

In addition, those Han people also sold aboriginal girls for 50 dollars (11.5 pounds). Hence, Atayal girl's official price is 3-9 times higher than the price of the skull of the Atayal male. At that time, the proportion of men and women at the village of the Han immigrants was unbalanced, and the number of Women is much lower than that of men.
Supringly, an Atayal woman are valuable on the meat market.

(2) 成為漢人妻妾的泰雅族女性俘虜:
(2)A female Atayal captive who became concubine of the Han:

史溫侯在利澤簡街上的一個商店裡,看到一位紋面的泰雅族婦女,聽說他是在一場漢人壯丁突襲泰雅族部落的戰役中被俘獲的。史溫侯形容這位婦女鼻子很小,具有好看的鷹勾鼻型,眼睛銳利且沒有漢人那種斜瞇式的蒙古眼,只是膚色較黑。她穿著漢服,成為商店老闆的姨太太(應該是向擄獲者購買的),由於害羞而躲開史溫侯和其他西方訪客的注視。

In a store on the Lize Jane Street, Robert Swinhoe saw a Atayal girl with tattoos. She was captured by a Battle that the Han attacked the Atayal tribe. He described the woman, with small nose、sharp eyes(not kind of oblique squint eyes with the Mongolia style) and dark skin, has a beautiful aquiline nose. She wore Han costume, being the store owner's concubine, (the owner might purchase her by invaders). As she was shy, she hid him and other Western visitors’ gaze.

圖:此圖乃1902年W. Blakeney所繪,西元1858年,史溫侯搭乘英國船艦不屈號環台一圈,在清水斷崖強灣靠立霧溪口,遭遇當地原住民攻擊的想像畫。

 

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【歡迎至原住民文史暨資訊・臉書社團・The Esthetics of Formosan Aborigines Association交流。網址:https://www.facebook.com/groups/1394054007484699/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

【歡迎至台灣原住民藝品專賣・原美學工坊・臉書粉絲頁交流。網址:https://www.facebook.com/pages/原美學工坊/172554156241215

 

 

 

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